In developing countries, social deprivation and poverty are common phenomena where people experiencing poverty are deprived of basic amenities, work, money, housing, and accessibility to healthcare facilities and services. Due to high population density and congestion in the urban area, the community’s basic needs are more significant when living in a limited space. Also, quality of life varies from person to person due to physical and mental health, emotion, recreation, leisure time, freedom, security, employment and income, accessibility to basic amenities and healthcare services, and the individual perception of the standard of living. Quality of life is closely related to vulnerability and health security as a whole. This chapter attempts to understand the magnitude of deprivation, quality of life, and vulnerability to health shocks in the slum neighborhoods, determine the inherent factors that eventually put the urban poor at high health risk, and execute the effectiveness of the existing measures and geo-statistical techniques. GIS-based analyses find different social aspects with their spatial variations and patterns across neighborhood levels. In this chapter, the GIS-based analysis can easily find the areas of deprived and decent social elements. This chapter also includes details on physical and sociocultural features.