The novel techniques of fetal MRI, 3D and 4D ultrasound recordings have now made it possible to outline the development of neurites emerging parallelly in preparatory cortices and subcortical regions toward each other, as well as the trajectories of progressing behavioral organization originated in earlier random behaviors. Thus, it is hard to conclude that the first affective experience in healthy early life is narrowed to stress or pain reactivity or exposure to stress only as thought before. It is rather more inclusive to conclude that during healthy gestation the clocks of emotion are dependent on intricate but regulated in parallel sequences of regional development, axonal outgrowth between these regions, aligned dendritic arborization, and endocrine development, counter to the hypothesis of a distinct linear bottom-up timeline of brain development. Recent evidence from 3D and 4D ultrasound recordings of fetal behaviors showed that from mid-gestation onwards, repeated self-touching motor behaviors, especially toward highly innervated regions such as the face and the mouth, are related to a sensory trigger. Taken together, the complex infrastructure basis for the appearance of emotions is not all about axonal growth and not all about bottom-up development only. It is about controls and balances during healthy gestation for the clocks of emotion to develop. It is shown in this chapter that clock genes design the timing of DNA molecular sensitivity to environmental stimuli at mid-gestation. Pruning and experienced-shaped molecular events are available by the time molecular sensitivity to the environment starts. The clocks of emotion are part of the fetal experience which contributes to behavioral feedback loops for pruning purposes. From an evolutionary perspective, the clocks of emotion prepare the fetus to human interaction for survival and growth outside the womb.

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The Clocks of Emotions: Rhythms of Molecular Sensitivity to Experience-Shaped Synaptic Loops Breeds Emotions

  • Sari Goldstein Ferber

摘要

The novel techniques of fetal MRI, 3D and 4D ultrasound recordings have now made it possible to outline the development of neurites emerging parallelly in preparatory cortices and subcortical regions toward each other, as well as the trajectories of progressing behavioral organization originated in earlier random behaviors. Thus, it is hard to conclude that the first affective experience in healthy early life is narrowed to stress or pain reactivity or exposure to stress only as thought before. It is rather more inclusive to conclude that during healthy gestation the clocks of emotion are dependent on intricate but regulated in parallel sequences of regional development, axonal outgrowth between these regions, aligned dendritic arborization, and endocrine development, counter to the hypothesis of a distinct linear bottom-up timeline of brain development. Recent evidence from 3D and 4D ultrasound recordings of fetal behaviors showed that from mid-gestation onwards, repeated self-touching motor behaviors, especially toward highly innervated regions such as the face and the mouth, are related to a sensory trigger. Taken together, the complex infrastructure basis for the appearance of emotions is not all about axonal growth and not all about bottom-up development only. It is about controls and balances during healthy gestation for the clocks of emotion to develop. It is shown in this chapter that clock genes design the timing of DNA molecular sensitivity to environmental stimuli at mid-gestation. Pruning and experienced-shaped molecular events are available by the time molecular sensitivity to the environment starts. The clocks of emotion are part of the fetal experience which contributes to behavioral feedback loops for pruning purposes. From an evolutionary perspective, the clocks of emotion prepare the fetus to human interaction for survival and growth outside the womb.