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Climate and weather play a pivotal role in aviation because they affect take-off, mid-air flying, and landing alike. With the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events attributed to climate change and climate variability, there is a need to understand how climate change will affect aviation, as weather can affect safety and flying costs. This bibliometric study of Scopus Indexed records undertaken between 1928 and 2024 explored the evolution of fog and aviation research across airports worldwide. The study found that 503 Scopus Indexed studies were conducted over the period in question, with most of the studies conducted after 2009. Although there has been a significant increase in the number of studies worldwide, the spikes seem to have been influenced by aviation accidents. This growth is likely to have been driven by growing interest in tourism, climate change, and aviation over the past few years. The study finds that fog is an aviation safety threat to several airports, particularly during winter, where it disrupts traffic and tourist movement, causing flight delays. Fog causes poor visibility, which makes landing and take-off difficult. There are mixed views on how climate change will affect fog at various airports worldwide, with some airports expected to witness an increase in fog occurrence, while a dwindle is expected in some areas. The study found that airports are deploying all types of technologies, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, to improve fog forecasting accuracy and reduce the associated losses and disruptions of aviation traffic. Given the safety risks posed by fog and the threat imposed by climate change, there is a need for aircraft manufacturers and airports to continuously invest in landing instruments to ensure seamless and safe landing as part of climate adaptation by airports. The study concludes that, as much as there has been growth in the literature on fog and aviation, there still remain wide theoretical and geographic gaps with many uncertainties which require attention.

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Fog and Global Aviation: The State of Knowledge Evolution

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Nthabiseng Letsatsi,
  • Kaitano Dube,
  • Kevin Mearns

摘要

Climate and weather play a pivotal role in aviation because they affect take-off, mid-air flying, and landing alike. With the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events attributed to climate change and climate variability, there is a need to understand how climate change will affect aviation, as weather can affect safety and flying costs. This bibliometric study of Scopus Indexed records undertaken between 1928 and 2024 explored the evolution of fog and aviation research across airports worldwide. The study found that 503 Scopus Indexed studies were conducted over the period in question, with most of the studies conducted after 2009. Although there has been a significant increase in the number of studies worldwide, the spikes seem to have been influenced by aviation accidents. This growth is likely to have been driven by growing interest in tourism, climate change, and aviation over the past few years. The study finds that fog is an aviation safety threat to several airports, particularly during winter, where it disrupts traffic and tourist movement, causing flight delays. Fog causes poor visibility, which makes landing and take-off difficult. There are mixed views on how climate change will affect fog at various airports worldwide, with some airports expected to witness an increase in fog occurrence, while a dwindle is expected in some areas. The study found that airports are deploying all types of technologies, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, to improve fog forecasting accuracy and reduce the associated losses and disruptions of aviation traffic. Given the safety risks posed by fog and the threat imposed by climate change, there is a need for aircraft manufacturers and airports to continuously invest in landing instruments to ensure seamless and safe landing as part of climate adaptation by airports. The study concludes that, as much as there has been growth in the literature on fog and aviation, there still remain wide theoretical and geographic gaps with many uncertainties which require attention.