The 2024 European elections have brought renewed dynamism to the EU party system. Developments in recent elections, which have led to greater fragmentation and pluralisation of the European party landscape, have intensified once again. The strengthening of radical forces and the emergence of new political groups and parties at the European level are also increasing the polarisation of political competition. At the same time, erosion tendencies can be observed within the European party families, which are due to ideological shifts and insufficient organisational Europeanisation of the national parties. Against this background, this article takes a closer look at the external and internal structural changes in the European party system in order to assess the resulting political consequences. The changes in the party system not only have an impact on parliamentary work but also challenge the relationships between the institutions involved in legislation.