This study underscores the increasing global commitment to address climate change and allocate emissions accurately to economic sectors. Slovakia’s innovative Air Emission Accounts methodology is pivotal in understanding emissions sources and customizing policies effectively. The transport sector, contributing significantly to GHG emissions, warrants special attention for decarbonization. Emission allocation relies on vehicle category, mileage, goods transported, and owner, providing comprehensive fleet data for each economic category. National GHG projections and proposed measures, including intermodal transport promotion, play a crucial role in achieving sustainability. Identifying sectors with the highest carbon footprint, such as transportation, real estate, and retail, highlights the need for emission reductions. Monitoring the carbon footprint, gross value added, and employment reveals a promising strategy for tailored interventions, fostering sustainability across regional, local, and national levels.