The phosphogypsum is a by-product of phosphoric acid production for phosphate fertilizer. The problem of its accumulation in the environment is becoming increasingly important due to large-scale fertilizer production. This Chapter evaluates the potential of phosphogypsum as a mineral additive for the microorganism’s growth under biotechnological processes. This considers phosphogypsum’s component composition and impurities, which may vary depending on the production technology and the phosphorus feedstock (apatite and phosphorite).