The activities of maritime pirates and armed robbers seriously threaten maritime security and commerce in the West and Central African regions. Between 2010 and 2020, the Gulf of Guinea maritime zone recorded successive piratical incidents, which climaxed in 2020 when it was named the most risky maritime zone in the world, owing to its 95% share of global crew kidnapping in that year. Although there was a drop in piratical activities in 2021, there are indications it will rise due to certain factors that have not been eliminated. This chapter examines piracy trends in the Gulf of Guinea from 2010 to 2021. It systematically studies the frequency of piratical attacks, modes of attacks, and areas of attacks. It identifies the significant causes of piracy, trends in arrests and prosecution of pirates, efforts made by states to tackle piracy, and the problems and challenges associated with piracy in the Gulf of Guinea. The chapter employs the qualitative research method, which involves extracting data from primary publications of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) official anti-piracy reports of some states in the Gulf of Guinea. The paper employs the Anomie and Differential Association theories and the push and pull factors as its major theoretical explanatory tools.