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In the Western world, most patients with CRSwNP show a type 2 inflammatory signature [1]. Type 2 inflammation is characterized by the activation of both innate and adaptive inflammatory cells: group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), mast cells, and T helper 2 lymphocytes. This leads to the release of type 2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, and IL-4), eosinophil activation, and IgE formation [2] (Fig. 25.1).

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Biological Treatment for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Joseph K. Han,
  • Dafna Gershnabel Milk

摘要

In the Western world, most patients with CRSwNP show a type 2 inflammatory signature [1]. Type 2 inflammation is characterized by the activation of both innate and adaptive inflammatory cells: group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), mast cells, and T helper 2 lymphocytes. This leads to the release of type 2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, and IL-4), eosinophil activation, and IgE formation [2] (Fig. 25.1).