Revision Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Maxillary, Ethmoid, and Sphenoid
摘要
The indications for revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) are generally the same as for primary ESS. After ESS, patients complaining of cardinal symptoms of rhinosinusitis (nasal obstruction, anterior and posterior nasal drainage, smell loss, facial pressure) due to objectively confirmed inflammatory and/or infectious sinus disease should be offered revision ESS when they fail one or more courses of appropriate medical management [1]. Revision ESS may also be necessary if patients develop iatrogenic sinus disease from scarring like mucoceles, regardless of symptoms.