In the present era, blockchain is considered as driving force reshaping the global economy. It is redefining the organizational structure and the business activities and revolutionizing the financial market. Blocking-based technologies also have immense potential to address climate change, concerns, and resource constraints. This chapter provides insights into the multifaceted role of blockchain in driving sustainable development goals by fostering transparency, improving accountability, and integrating sustainability across organizational and financial domains. It analyses the blockchain potential to strengthen financial sustainability through decentralized finance, an equitable financial system. Further, it also highlights the instrumental role of blockchain by improving the supply chain, transparency, corporate governance, and incorporation of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles into the business model. Moreover, this chapter discusses the alignment of blockchain with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals, highlighting its potential to address, pressing issues such as resource efficiency, climate, change, and inequality. It critically assesses the various challenges in the adoption of blockchain and underscores its importance in achieving long-term sustainability goals.