This chapter provides an overview of the demographic situation and changes in the migration context in Canada. We then present the mechanisms and main rules of the Canadian immigration system. Accordingly, we also define Canadian multiculturalism and Quebec interculturalism. With the rise in immigration, we provide closer look at the concept of “social capacity.” What does this mean in terms of public policy and immigration management? What about the labor market? What is the link between immigration and the housing crisis or the access to public services? The growth in immigration thresholds under Justin Trudeau’s government was significant. This brings us to examine the place of nativism in Canadian populism. To do so, we analyze the evolution of Canadian public opinion on immigration. We see a growing gap between the largely pro-immigration stance of economic and media elites and the increasingly negative perceptions of a growing segment of the population. This helps us to better understand the evolution of the immigration discourse of Canada’s three main federal populist leaders.