In this work, the efficiency of a hybrid energy storage system composed of a lithium-ion battery and an ultracapacitor is evaluated through a set of simulations that involve different HESS configurations, defining operational scenarios to test system responses to sudden load changes and identifying key performance indicators such as current fluctuations and battery lifespan degradation. The focus is on mitigating the impact of dynamic energy exchanges on the battery’s lifespan during discharge within electric microgrids, employing diverse topologies and control strategies. The simulations quantify the impact of current waveforms using a battery aging model. The results of these scenarios were then compared to those of a storage system that exclusively employs a lithium-ion battery. Remarkably, the hybrid system showed an improvement of up to 21.55% in efficiency according to measurements conducted during testing and simulation. This improvement was achieved through a control of both the lithium-ion battery and the ultracapacitor, using an energy management strategy that considers factors such as the state of charge (SoC) of the ultracapacitor and its operational voltages.