Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide with the fastest-growing incidence of any solid tumor in the United States, specifically esophageal adenocarcinoma. While there are no specific screening guidelines in the United States, surveillance efforts are directed mostly toward patients with reflux symptoms and Barrett’s esophagus. Early-stage disease can be resected by locally endoscopic treatments while more aggressive disease necessitates systemic treatment, radiation, and esophagectomy. Classically open, newer minimally-invasive techniques in esophagectomy have emerged decreasing morbidity with surgical resection.