The formation of regulated parameters of machine parts is ensured using their mechanical machining by rational interconnections of the technological system: machine tool—fixture—cutting tool—workpiece. The technological inheritability of material properties is an important criterion for analysis the effectiveness of technological process planning for product manufacturing. The concept of sustainable machining and Industry 4.0/5.0 requirements using functionally-oriented technologies requires new approaches to achieve the optimal quality parameters of machine parts. So, the technique of estimating the product’s damageability has been developed using the LM-hardness method, which uses indicators of the homogeneity criterion of parts material. Experimental investigations on the influence of cutting modes and tool parameters on the characteristics of material homogeneity of the surface layers of aluminium workpieces during the different types of milling by end milling cutters of Sandvik Coromant 6–12 mm on vertical milling center HAAS MINIMILL were carried out. The developed technique allows for determining rational modes of cutting, taking into account the parameters of the tools to ensure the parameters of the quality of the products and economic indicators of the technological processes planning. Priority directions for further investigations are suggested.