Although we may not possess medical expertise, most of us are familiar with the hippocampus. The brain is the subject of extensive individual and clinical study, making it the most extensively studied portion of the body. The hippocampus is known for its exceptional plasticity, which refers to its ability to endure both structural as well as functional modifications in response to experiences and stimuli from the environment. Neuronal plasticity is considered a crucial foundation for the hippocampus’s involvement in learning and memory. Long-term potentiation refers to a lasting increase in the strength of synaptic transmission that occurs following specific patterns of stimulation. Learning occurs when new synaptic connections are created in neurons due to chemical, electrical, and structural changes, which are triggered by external inputs from the individual’s surroundings. Learning, a process assisted by the intricate connections of neurons, is enhanced through the repetition and accumulation of experiences. Many neuromediators, such as glutamate and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, play a role in learning and synaptic plasticity. In addition, hippocampal learning is significantly affected by exercise and stress.