Cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) offers a rich conceptual toolkit for participatory educational transformations by means of Change Laboratory interventions. Such systemic bottom-up transformations are needed as educational systems face three pervasive contradictions, manifesting themselves in skin-deep learning, encapsulation of the school, and alienation of students. The chapter introduces key features and instruments of the Change Laboratory. Three examples of such interventions are presented, each addressing one of the pervasive contradictions. The CHAT perspective on educational change is summed up by proposing a zone of proximal development for school education. In conclusion, integrative Change Laboratory interventions addressing all the three key contradictions are presented as a challenge for the near future.