Bangladesh has been ranked as the seventh most climate vulnerable country in the world in terms of risks from natural hazards according to the Global Climate Risk Index 2021. Being a disaster-prone low-lying delta, the country experiences temperature rise with impact on weather patterns, sea-level rise and erratic heavy rainfall in addition to normal regular floods, droughts, cyclones, storm surges, salinity intrusion, river erosion, transboundary water diversion, waterlogging. These cause substantial loss and damage to agricultural and industrial production, disruption of communication, education, and health services, damages of infrastructure and housing resulting in colossal economic loss almost every year. This situation will according to BDP 2100 further worsen due to impact of climate change. In this section, the impact of climate change is discussed in addition to the ‘normal’ issues and challenges and ambitions with respect to food security and socio-economic development brought in the perspective of a need-based long-term delta plan.