The discourse about climate change and adaptation is briefly described in order to indicate main subjects of concern, like ongoing or upcoming changes over longer-term periods. Thinking strategically about these changes and their uncertainties is important, considering the differences in perceptions and interpretations by the different parties in the discourse. Learning to adapt has been introduced, meaning that awareness and adaptive capacity but also the willingness to act in society may be increased. To do that, a receptive and adequate government role is important, taking a proactive stance and facilitating adaptation. Adaptation is in texts so widely used that it comprehends and varies much in current climate change discourse. It all boils down to in the discourse involved actors and their framing of different phenomena and situations with acceptance of different realities. Trying to understand of what is going on and of what we are actually talking about is a challenge in itself, let alone preparing actions on the ground to what are seen as the real challenges. To become more precise for the purpose of this book, definition of problems and challenges related to climate change impact is of crucial importance, in addition to already existing societal and physical issues and proposed policy solutions. Adaptation to a phenomenon as climate change relates to many aspects of the physical environment of society and economy and because of that, isn’t an easy game to deal with. The climate change phenomenon and adaptation to it need careful analysis and interpretation, seeking the logics of change and thereby the levers of change in institutional, societal, economic, and physical processes and systems which are potentially influenced by changing conditions. This chapter presents some relevant concepts to approach adaptation to climate change impacts in order to better understand it and to utilize insights in practices of strategizing, decision making, and implementation.