Groundwater is an essential resource found within the Earth’s crust in underground reservoirs called aquifers and is necessary for the provision of clean water worldwide. However, there has been a growing concern over the sustainable use of groundwater due to increasing population and industrialization. Over-extraction and pollution of groundwater resources have led to depletion and deterioration causing threats to human life and ecosystem viability. Some human activities such as industrial practices, agricultural practices, wrong waste disposal, and hazardous materials among others have introduced harmful pollutants and chemicals into groundwater leading to long term damage on its quality as well as availability. In Gujarat, heavy metals in ground water pose a high risk to people’s health. Neurological disorders, kidney damage even cancer may be caused by exposure to heavy metals like lead, arsenic, cadmium or mercury. For instance, there must be comprehensive health risk assessments carried out so that concentrations of heavy metals can be determined in subsurface water thereby introducing suitable remediation actions towards ensuring safe drinking water sources. To comprehend potential dangers posed by presence of certain heavy metals in drinking water and consequently introduce relevant mitigation measures it calls for a deep evaluation on their health risks associated with their presence. This paper discusses migration pathways of heavy metals in Gujarat’s groundwaters taking into account environmental factors that affect their movement. There are several methods used for removing heavy metals including adsorption, membrane based methods, chemical precipitation method involving precipitation coagulation flocculation process, electrochemical method or photo catalytic processes. By addressing these issues, we can develop innovative ideas and research approaches for future investigations.