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The quality of groundwater in the coastal areas is threatened by seawater and human activities. Groundwater quality in the Kanyakumari coastal zone is assessed by applying the Water Quality Index (WQI) and statistical and Geospatial techniques. During the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of 2022, 40 groundwater samples were collected from the study area. The collected samples were subjected to the laboratory to determine various physio-chemical parameters. The Piper and Gibbs plots were used to investigate the study area's hydrochemical facies and identify the mechanism governing groundwater chemistry. A statistical correlation analysis determined the relationships between various water-related parameters in the study area. The analyzed physio-chemical parameters were used to determine the water quality index for both seasons. The spatial variations of physio-chemical parameters are generated using spatial interpolation techniques of Arc GIS software. The Piper plot shows that most samples fall in the Na-Cl-SO4 field, which is a clear indication of seawater intrusion from the Arabian Sea. The Gibbs plot indicates that evaporation and rock-water interactions are the dominant processes determining the analyzed samples’ composition. TH (0.90764), K+ (0.9583), Ca2+ (0.89138), Mg2+ (0.89039) and EC (0.83947) are significantly correlated with WQI at both times. WQI values ​​were higher in the pre-monsoon season than in the post-monsoon season. Nearly 37.5% and 22.5% of samples are unfit for drinking during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively.

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Groundwater Quality Assessment of Western Coastal Zone of Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India, Using Statistical, Water Quality Index and GIS Techniques

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Annmaria K. George,
  • M. Suresh Gandhi,
  • Anju Maria Joseph

摘要

The quality of groundwater in the coastal areas is threatened by seawater and human activities. Groundwater quality in the Kanyakumari coastal zone is assessed by applying the Water Quality Index (WQI) and statistical and Geospatial techniques. During the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of 2022, 40 groundwater samples were collected from the study area. The collected samples were subjected to the laboratory to determine various physio-chemical parameters. The Piper and Gibbs plots were used to investigate the study area's hydrochemical facies and identify the mechanism governing groundwater chemistry. A statistical correlation analysis determined the relationships between various water-related parameters in the study area. The analyzed physio-chemical parameters were used to determine the water quality index for both seasons. The spatial variations of physio-chemical parameters are generated using spatial interpolation techniques of Arc GIS software. The Piper plot shows that most samples fall in the Na-Cl-SO4 field, which is a clear indication of seawater intrusion from the Arabian Sea. The Gibbs plot indicates that evaporation and rock-water interactions are the dominant processes determining the analyzed samples’ composition. TH (0.90764), K+ (0.9583), Ca2+ (0.89138), Mg2+ (0.89039) and EC (0.83947) are significantly correlated with WQI at both times. WQI values ​​were higher in the pre-monsoon season than in the post-monsoon season. Nearly 37.5% and 22.5% of samples are unfit for drinking during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively.