In this study, an agricultural solid waste pyrolysis-distillation treatment process was investigated with the aim of effectively utilizing agricultural waste resources and reducing environmental pollution. Agricultural solid waste is subjected to pyrolysis, and the range of pyrolysis temperature depends on the type of agricultural solid waste and the product, in this study, the pyrolysis temperature obtained with the waste tobacco waste as the object of study is 450 °C, and the pyrolysis flue gas is condensed to obtain pyrolysis liquid and solid products. Distillation and separation of liquids from pyrolysis. High value-added chemical products are obtained. During the distillation process, the distillation temperature is set in the range of 100 °C to 300 °C and the theoretical number of plates is between 20 and 50, depending on the boiling points of the components. The effective separation of the components is ensured. The results of the study show that the combined pyrolysis-distillation method can be used to efficiently convert agricultural solid waste and generate products with market value, with high economic and environmental benefits. This process provides a feasible technical path for the resource utilization of agricultural wastes.