The contradiction between water resource supply and demand in the Yellow River Basin of Shaanxi Province is prominent. In order to find out the current status of water saving in Shaanxi Province and promote the deep water saving work under the new situation, the concept of deep water saving is explored, and the evaluation index system of deep water saving was constructed, and the current status of deep water saving in four adjacent provinces in the Yellow River Basin, including Shaanxi Province, Shanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and two advanced cities, including Beijing and Tianjin were evaluated. The problems of water saving in the Yellow River Basin of Shaanxi Province were analyzed, and suggestions for deep water saving in agriculture, industry and life were put forward, which has a good reference significance for promoting the deep water saving in other areas of the Yellow River Basin.