Shallow soda lakes of northeast Central Asia have not previously been considered in surveys of the salt lakes of Mongolia and China. Studies of the possibilities of using the biological resources of salt lakes under natural fluctuations in their level regime and water mineralization are insufficient. Lakes located in similar climatic conditions, due to the heterogeneity of the relief, differ in general mineralization, salt composition, active reaction of the medium (pH) and the content of organic substances. The development of methods and techniques for predicting possible changes in ecosystems during their operation is a special task, the solution of which can only be performed with knowledge of the processes occurring in ecosystems and the patterns of their qualitative and quantitative changes. The purpose of this work is to show the resource potential and possibilities of aquatic ecosystems of economic development in the northeast of Central Asia under fluctuations in the water regime. When planning economic activities, the possible diversification of industry production under climatic fluctuations should be taken into account. In this paper, a scheme of environmental management under various environmental conditions is proposed. In low-water years, the range of economic use of lakes is associated with the balneological direction, breeding and use of forage organisms for aquaculture, as protein additives in the production of feed for farm animals and poultry. The upcoming high-water years with low water mineralization will contribute to the restoration of various ecosystem functions, including the use of the lakes under consideration for fishing.