This chapter highlights examples from the different chapters of the key issues that social workers have to confront, their success and failure to do so, in a context in which social work is largely impacted by forces not of its own making. The book chapters outline the impact of specific wars in a wide range of countries, each with a long history that cannot, and should not, be forgotten, yet the present has to be responded to as best as possible in challenging circumstances. Each chapter offers research of a specific context, processes and outcomes of a war, inclusive of repeated cycles of the same war. The losses due to wars always outweigh the gains, and, hence, victories are always hollow. Each war has at least two protagonist camps: the camp that initiated the war and the camp that responded to it. Inevitably each war generates more than one meaning, and more than one set of history and memory. Social workers are a recipient and responding group in any war, whilst not initiated it, but they have to respond to its impact on their clients as well as on themselves. Social work values direct us to provide a response to any person in need, be they from our side of the war or that of the enemy. Yet the reality of wars forces social workers to face a reality in which the existing welfare service structure is threatened by cuts and often by physical destruction. Hence, during a war, social workers face the need to support its victims—as well as of war perpetrators when they become its victims—within much diminished resources and structures. They also often face the impact of a war on themselves as citizens of one side of the armed conflict, and at times may find themselves disagreeing politically with their own government. Hence, doing their best in these conditions is a highly demanding task which research findings may facilitate.