According to the H-Evo-Devo Theory, macroevolution is decoupled from microevolution. Microevolution belongs to the subspecies level, whose character states correspond to simple characters, e.g., color, pattern, size, and proportion. In contrast, macroevolution belongs to the species level, whose character states correspond to complex characters or body plans. This chapter explores the biological processes surrounding the origin, stability, and extinction of both subspecies and species. Concerning their origin, subspecies arise through Darwinian mechanisms (dispersal models), whereas species emerge through supraDarwinian mechanisms (prospecies model). Regarding stasis, the stability of both subspecies and species is attributed to developmental constraints acting on simple and complex characters, respectively. Finally, differences in extinction are explained by a hierarchical structure: Subspecies extinction results from factors altering their local habitat and their population structure, while species extinction arises from the loss of parts and mass extinction events. Essentially, this chapter marks the first modern effort to distinctly delineate evolution into at least two levels: microevolution and macroevolution.