Rapidly developing bioengineer cells have made excellent contributions to the development of cell-based immunotherapies, offering several genetic tools to improve performance, novel functions, and diverse applications. These synthetic cells have emerged as potential therapeutic approaches for various diseases, including cancer. Advances in synthetic biology and genetic engineering have paved the way for innovative strategies in next-generation cell-based cancer therapies. These approaches aim to increase the efficacy, specificity, and safety of cancer treatments by harnessing the power of engineered cells. Synthetic biology enables the design and construction of novel genetic circuits, whereas genetic engineering allows for precise manipulation of cellular functions. This chapter overviews recent advancements in the field, highlighting critical strategies for developing cell-based cancer therapies. These include engineering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- T cells, developing synthetic gene networks for improved control and optimized performance of engineered therapeutic cells, and utilizing gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR for targeted cancer interventions. We also discuss the challenges associated with these strategies and highlight future directions in the field.