Ocular injuries are a concern among participants engaged in swimming and water polo due to the close-contact gameplay and exposure to challenging environmental conditions. Ocular trauma from water sports constitutes a significant portion of sports-related eye injury. Therefore, protective eyewear such as swimming goggles has been routinely recommended as a safeguard measure. Nonetheless, swimming goggles themselves have been associated with many reported ophthalmic conditions in the literature, warranting further precaution in their usage. In this chapter, we review the most common ocular injuries in swimming and water polo and discuss various reported ophthalmic conditions associated with the use of swimming goggles.