Therapeutic use of music often involves active engagement, where the patient interacts directly with the music therapist. Conversely, approaches centered on musical listening focus on fostering introspection and processing of emotional experiences. Recent scientific literature highlights the therapeutic potential of listening to music aligned with the patient’s preferences, even without direct interaction with the therapist, across various clinical contexts. However, there’s often a lack of clear therapeutic rationale and specific application protocols in such cases. This Chapter introduces a novel approach called Therapeutic Music Listening, which integrates the subjective element of listening (patient’s musical preferences) with the structural and parametric aspects of the music to achieve therapeutic goals. The article outlines the theoretical and practical foundations as well as the therapeutic and research implications of this music-listening-based intervention.