In the contemporary digital landscape, the convergence of big data analytics and the ever-evolving threat landscape has given rise to a significant concern: the implications of cyber attacks on big data. As organizations increasingly harness the power of big data to glean insights and drive strategic decisions, they also find themselves exposed to new vulnerabilities and risks. The potential fallout of cyber attacks targeting big data repositories is far-reaching, affecting not only the security and privacy of sensitive information but also the trust of stakeholders, business continuity, and the overall integrity of decision-making processes (Sarma et al. in Bull. Electr. Eng. Inf. 12:552–560, 2023 [1]).