This chapter considers the design of the energy production portion of an off-grid system. The focus is on larger off-grid systems such as energy kiosks and mini-grids. The life cycle of an off-grid system is presented, from the initial decision to develop the off-grid system to site assessment and the final decommissioning or expansion. Considerations when selecting whether to use conventional or biomass-fueled generator sets, solar arrays, wind turbines, or micro hydropower are discussed. Intuitive and numerical (simulation) design approaches are introduced, followed by comprehensive examples that illustrate each approach.