This chapter explores the evolving landscape of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) initiatives amidst rising global polarization. Hon. Erin O’Toole, President & Managing Director of ADIT North America and former leader of the Conservative Party of Canada, examines how geopolitical shifts, economic changes, and cultural forces are challenging the legitimacy and effectiveness of ESG. The chapter traces the historical development of ESG from corporate governance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, highlighting key milestones such as the Dey Report in Canada and the UN Global Compact. It delves into the impact of deglobalization, some of the causes of anti-trade populism, and social media on ESG, illustrating how these factors contribute to the current polarization. O’Toole argues that for ESG to remain relevant and effective, it must adapt to contemporary geopolitical realities and engage a broader range of stakeholders, including the working class and non-elite voices. The chapter concludes with practical recommendations for evolving ESG practices, emphasizing the need for inclusive dialogue, realistic energy transition policies, and the integration of Indigenous reconciliation into ESG frameworks in Canada.