This chapter discusses the legal issues important in the economic evaluation of patents, focusing on enforcement, litigation, and strategic considerations. Key topics include the costs/economic/financial impacts of patent infringement, the role of international patent protection, and patent trolls, including defensive weapons. Moreover, the chapter examines data privacy and cybersecurity’s impact on patent value, as well as the rising role of patent litigation funding. This chapter cites examples of how each of these three elements is interdependent when it comes to the financial assessment of intellectual property through the lens of market dynamics, operational disruptions, and reputational risks. The results highlight how the specific structures and outcomes of law shape the long-term economic viability and strategic usefulness of patents in contested markets.