This chapter explores the production of indigenous Indonesian poultry, with a particular focus on chickens. It aims to offer an overview of the diversity of Indonesia‘s native poultry breeds and their production practices. The content of this chapter draws from direct field experience and is enriched by practical knowledge as well as scientific and technical references from both online and print sources. It provides a general perspective on Indonesia’s indigenous chickens, covering both wild and domesticated varieties and highlighting their unique characteristics. The following section then examines the care practices associated with free-range and caged rearing methods relevant to poultry production.