Millets are often referred to as “nutri-cereals” due to their high nutritional value, resilience to climate change, and suitability for marginal environments. In India, the revival of millet cultivation and its value chain presents a promising pathway to enhance nutritional security, particularly for vulnerable populations. This research explores the role of millet value chains in addressing malnutrition, promoting sustainable agriculture, and enhancing farmers’ livelihoods. Through a comprehensive analysis of policy frameworks, production systems, market dynamics, and consumption patterns, this study provides insights into how millets can contribute to food security and sustainable development in India.