Perhaps the biggest challenge facing humanity (and therefore workers) through the twenty-first century will be related to climate change; how we reduce its impacts and adapt to the coming changes. This paper outlines the case for anthropogenic climate change and the role of ergonomics/human factors (E/HF) in mitigating the worst impacts of climate change and adapting to its unprecedented consequences. Climate change will impact everyone and E/HF needs to be ready to play it’s part in reducing the possibilities for catastrophic change and being prepared to offer design advice to protect workers from harm. Broadly the climate change impacts will include working under heat conditions, work under UV intensification, work in conditions with new pathogens and allergens, and work in extreme weather conditions. However, each country and region will have their own specific challenges and foci, as well as pre-existing adaptive capacities. This paper uses Croatia as a case study to show how E/HF can provide a conduit to understanding these nuances and to draw from indigenous knowledge systems. This includes examples of E/HF technological, organisational, and personal interventions, drawn from E/HF knowledge, that can be form a starting point to help protect workers from these climate change impacts.