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In this chapter you will learn about selective macroautophagy/autophagy in mammalian cells and how specific cellular components, such as damaged or surplus organelles or protein aggregates are selectively degraded by autophagy. You will learn about selective autophagy receptors; how they select cargo to be degraded, how they connect to the forming autophagosome via the MAP1LC3/GABARAP proteins and how they also connect to the core autophagosome formation machinery. All this enables the generation of an autophagosome directly around the selected cargo. The autophagosome fuses with lysosomes forming autolysosomes where the content is degraded by lysosomal hydrolases which are active in the low pH environment. The degradation products are transported out of the autolysosome and used as energy sources and building blocks for synthesis of new macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, sugars and lipids. Dysregulation of selective autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several major diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders.

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Autophagy Receptors Couple Cargo Destined to Be Degraded with the Core Autophagy Machinery

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Hallvard Lauritz Olsvik,
  • Trond Lamark,
  • Terje Johansen

摘要

In this chapter you will learn about selective macroautophagy/autophagy in mammalian cells and how specific cellular components, such as damaged or surplus organelles or protein aggregates are selectively degraded by autophagy. You will learn about selective autophagy receptors; how they select cargo to be degraded, how they connect to the forming autophagosome via the MAP1LC3/GABARAP proteins and how they also connect to the core autophagosome formation machinery. All this enables the generation of an autophagosome directly around the selected cargo. The autophagosome fuses with lysosomes forming autolysosomes where the content is degraded by lysosomal hydrolases which are active in the low pH environment. The degradation products are transported out of the autolysosome and used as energy sources and building blocks for synthesis of new macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, sugars and lipids. Dysregulation of selective autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several major diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders.