Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among pregnant women, with rising usage rates paralleling cannabis legalization in the United States. This trend is compounded by decreasing perceptions of harm regarding prenatal cannabis use, despite evidence that it can disrupt critical neurodevelopmental processes, potentially leading to cognitive and emotional challenges. Animal models are essential for studying these effects, offering controlled environments to minimize confounding factors. However, differences in maternal–fetal cannabinoid transmission and metabolite accumulation based on administration methods complicate findings. Most studies rely on forced injections of synthetic cannabinoids or isolated components, which may not accurately reflect human experiences. Recent approaches, including cannabis vapor, smoke, or voluntary oral consumption, aim to better simulate real-world exposures. This chapter reviews current prenatal/perinatal cannabis exposure models, evaluates their strengths and limitations, and summarizes behavioral effects linked to exposure, emphasizing the importance of administration routes. While findings across models show notable consistency, reconciling inconsistencies between studies using different methodologies is critical to align animal data with human observations. Furthermore, early studies predominantly focused on male offspring, leaving gaps in understanding the effects on females. Incorporating sex-balanced designs in future research will help uncover long-term behavioral impacts and underlying mechanisms in both sexes.