The anchorage structure is subjected to the coupling effect of multiple corrosion factors in the process of long-term service, resulting in corrosion damage of the anchors. This paper reviews the research on the durability of anchorage structure in complex environments. Firstly, the main factors influencing the corrosion of anchorage structure are discussed, which includes stress, humidity, temperature, oxygen concentration, and the pH. Secondly, several commonly accelerated corrosion test methods, such as the salt spray test, electrochemical corrosion test, and immersion corrosion test, are introduced, and their applications in the durability study of anchorage structure are summarized. Finally, the corrosion assessment criteria and methods are summarized, and it is pointed out that future research should strengthen the exploration of corrosion mechanisms and introduce intelligent monitoring means and new material technologies to improve the assessment of the durability of anchorage structure.