This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of Bulgaria’s foreign trade in services, focusing on the period from 2007 to 2022. It examines the structural transformation of the sector, highlighting the shift from traditional services like tourism and transport to knowledge-intensive industries such as ICT and business process outsourcing (BPO). The chapter explores key trends in the product and geographical composition of Bulgaria’s service exports and imports, emphasizing the role of digitalization, technological advancements, and evolving global market dynamics in shaping trade patterns. Using indicators such as Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Relative Trade Balance (RTB), the chapter assesses Bulgaria’s competitiveness across various service sectors. It highlights the growing strength of Bulgaria in ICT services and other high-value industries while also addressing persistent challenges in financial services, intellectual property, and innovation capacity. The chapter underscores the importance of integrating digital services with broader economic sectors to achieve sustainable growth.

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Bulgaria’s Foreign Trade in Services

  • Paskal Zhelev

摘要

This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of Bulgaria’s foreign trade in services, focusing on the period from 2007 to 2022. It examines the structural transformation of the sector, highlighting the shift from traditional services like tourism and transport to knowledge-intensive industries such as ICT and business process outsourcing (BPO). The chapter explores key trends in the product and geographical composition of Bulgaria’s service exports and imports, emphasizing the role of digitalization, technological advancements, and evolving global market dynamics in shaping trade patterns. Using indicators such as Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Relative Trade Balance (RTB), the chapter assesses Bulgaria’s competitiveness across various service sectors. It highlights the growing strength of Bulgaria in ICT services and other high-value industries while also addressing persistent challenges in financial services, intellectual property, and innovation capacity. The chapter underscores the importance of integrating digital services with broader economic sectors to achieve sustainable growth.