This chapter considers the creation of the national sheltered employment scheme (which would become Remploy) in the Disabled Persons (Employment) Act 1944, alongside the wider debate about the factors which led to the formation of the welfare state. Existing explanations for the origins of Remploy are explored, with particular attention paid to the influential interpretation that it was formed to placate industry. The chapter argues that the creation of Remploy, while owing something to prewar developments and ideas, and the impetus of the Second World War, was driven through primarily by the efforts of the wartime Minister of Labour, Ernest Bevin. Importantly, it also demonstrates that Remploy was not formed with a predetermined modus operandi, leaving fundamental aspects unresolved as it began to operate in 1945.