Philosophical investigations often begin with a commonly known fact which, on further inspection, reveals a number of underlying problems. Everybody knows that organisms are better off under certain environmental conditions in comparison to others. Fish are well adapted for life within water, and they cannot survive long outside of this medium. The opposite is true for land animals. Finding explanations for these observations is one of the key tasks of evolutionary biology. But the environmental preferences of organisms are connected to moral concerns as well. To name some of them, occurring on different levels of abstraction: Is it justifiable to keep lions in zoos? Can those conditions be deemed species-appropriate? Is the natural preferable to the artificial? The line between empirical and evaluative aspects appears blurred when one tries to tackle those questions. This turns the environmental matches and mismatches of organisms into an interdisciplinary research topic involving biology as well as philosophy.