This chapter explores the intricate relationship between land rights and environmental justice in the Lake Chad Basin, focusing on the historical and ongoing land dispossession experienced by indigenous communities. It examines colonial and post-colonial land policies, highlighting their profound socio-economic and cultural impacts. This chapter provides detailed case studies of the Ngambay and Kanuri communities, illustrating their struggles and successes in reclaiming land rights. Additionally, it emphasises the crucial link between secure land tenure and sustainable environmental practices, showcasing how indigenous stewardship enhances biodiversity, combats climate change, and fosters ecological resilience. This chapter concludes by offering lessons learned and best practices for effective land rights advocacy, emphasising the importance of grassroots mobilisation, legal advocacy, international alliances, and inclusive community participation.