The state policy of the Russian Federation in ensuring the safety of the population's vital activities is a key component of the established system of state management within the realm of national security. Its primary objective is the prevention and resolution of both real and potential emergencies, with a focus on minimizing threats to the life and health of citizens. The infogenic threats that have recently become more active are directly related to the fundamental changes that prevail in the current geopolitical situation. All this creates real prerequisites for a comprehensive adjustment of the current state policy, which was oriented toward ensuring the safety of vital activities of the population in peacetime. This component has already found its reflection in the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation in the form of a section on information security. It was co-opted into the document in question precisely because of the intensification of “infogenic” threats, which, among other things, are aimed at an unauthorized influence on the internal affairs of the Russian Federation, as a considerable share of infogenic attacks originate from regions beyond the country's jurisdiction. The article systematizes the key challenges faced by the Russian Federation and the country's population. In this regard, mechanisms for overcoming emerging risks from the state are being traced in the form of the implementation of specific measures within the state policy, as well as real steps are proposed to minimize the identified risks or eliminate them completely. In particular, an analysis was carried out illustrating the process of strengthening "anthropogenic" threats aimed at government agencies and departments, as well as key commercial entities. Furthermore, the growing dynamics of unauthorized outflows of funds by citizens of the Russian Federation from various sources are highlighted, along with issues stemming from the emergency management system being primarily designed for peacetime. The article touches upon the issues oriented to the change of the course of the state policy of the Russian Federation, focused on ensuring the safety of life activity of the population in modern conditions.