In the context of increasing resource scarcity and intensifying geopolitical struggle for access to these resources, research into the problem of green resource use is becoming increasingly relevant. Our contribution continues the research on the topic of green economy and sustainable development and contributes to the study of the green use of natural resources. The object of this research is the green use of natural resources in new geopolitical and geoeconomic realities. The objective of this study is to identify the factors driving green use of natural resources in new geopolitical and geoeconomic realities. The methodology is based on a subject-activity approach, analysis, synthesis, system and institutional approaches. In this contribution, we applied the results of local and foreign scientists' research on the problems of green economy, different aspects of sustainable development, and green use of natural resources. Besides, we used the scientific results obtained by performing the international research work carried out by the authors. We revealed non-trivial factors driving the development of green use of natural resources and show the acting of these factors in new geopolitical and geoeconomic realities. We also showed the specifics of these processes in different countries. We described the significance and limitations of our results and the prospects for further research in this sphere.