This research conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of distinctive features in vowels and consonants within the phonological systems of English and Arabic. The study explored the key phonetic elements, including length, stress, and tone in vowels, and the variations in manner of articulation across consonants. By using Jakobsson features of system pattern of English for the distinctive features. This study revealed that, English vowels, length serves as a secondary feature influencing vowel quality, with stressed vowels typically longer than unstressed ones. In Arabic, vowel length emerges as a critical distinctive feature, contributing to changes in word meaning. English consonant exhibited diverse manners of articulation, including stops, fricatives, affricates, nasals, and approximants, with variations in place of articulation. In contrast, Arabic consonants encompass stops, fricatives, nasals, and approximants.