Macular hole (MH) is a vitreoretinal interface pathology characterized by loss of foveal tissue. Tissue loss may involve all layers from the internal limiting membrane (ILM) to the photoreceptor outer segment (full-thickness macular hole), or it may be limited to the inner layers of the retina (lamellar macular hole). MHs are frequently seen in female patients aged 60–70 years, with an average prevalence of 0.2–0.7%. Although mostly idiopathic, MHs secondary to blunt ocular trauma, high myopia, uveitis, and iatrogenic trauma have also been reported in the literature. Idiopathic MHs affect both eyes in an average of 10% of patients. Especially if posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in the other eye has not yet developed, the risk of bilaterality may increase to 30%. Symptoms can vary from mild metamorphopsia observed in the early stage to central scotoma and loss of visual acuity observed in the later stages. Although spontaneous closure may occur in MHs of early stage and traumatic origin, the majority of cases that become symptomatic require surgical treatment.