Food security is a significant concern in developing countries because of the dense population of disadvantaged individuals, insufficient food resources, and restricted availability of retail options. Food availability, quantity, and consumption are significantly influenced by social conditions. This study aims to analyze the present circumstances, challenges, and potential prospects in order to suggest pathways towards achieving sustainable food security in developing countries. The study utilizes a comprehensive approach to identify the vital societal elements that impact food security, through the analysis of pertinent literature and case studies from multiple nations. The variables encompass affluence, gender, education, social capital, and culture. This study investigates the causal relationship between these variables and the occurrence of food insecurity. It proposes strategies that foster sustainable agriculture, social protection, community empowerment, and gender equality as potential remedies. The report asserts that addressing the socioeconomic determinants impacting food security is crucial for emerging nations to attain sustainable food security. Attaining sustainable food security necessitates a comprehensive approach that acknowledges the significance of social factors and focuses on the holistic well-being of individuals.