Lalla, or Lal Děd, was a medieval female ascetic from Kashmir. Lalla has been known by many names, each signaling a way in which she has been received by different (though not always separable) religious and linguistic communities: often known as “Mother Lalla” or “Madwoman Lalla” in Kashmiri, she is also “Lalla ʿĀrifa” (or “Lalla the Wise”) in Persian and Persian-inflected Kashmiri; “Queen Lalla” or “Divine Lalla” (“Lalleśvarī”) in Sanskrit. Premodern biographies emphasize her miraculous deeds, her sayings, and her verses.