Extra-Intestinal Manifestations
摘要
Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) affect up to 50% of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The most classical EIM are spondyloarthritis, skin lesions like erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum, eye inflammation with episcleritis, scleritis and uveitis, as well as primary sclerosing cholangitis. EIMs may evolve in parallel with, or independently from, intestinal inflammation. Some of them may require specific management and treatment. Other organs, such as the lungs and pancreas, may also be affected, but these extra-intestinal involvements are much more uncommon.