This article analyzes theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing sustainable urban development. It identifies comprehensive indicator groups for evaluating the social, environmental, and economic aspects of urban development. Integrating these indicators have been developed as an integral measure of the Sustainable Urban Development Index (SUDI) for Kyiv. This index facilitates both quantitative and qualitative diagnostics of the city’s development parameters in alignment with sustainable development principles. According to the developed assessment scale for Kyiv’s sustainable urban development level, from 2016 to 2018, the city’s Sustainable Development Index was at a basic level, ranging from 0.4767 to 0.4849. From 2019 to 2021, the city demonstrated an average level of sustainable development, with values ranging from 0.5109 to 0.5293. The analysis of correlation coefficients among the components of the city’s sustainable urban development reveals significant interdependence between different aspects. Notably, a strong negative correlation between economic and environmental components (-0.823) suggests that increases in economic indicators are often accompanied by decreases in environmental indicators. Conversely, the positive correlation between economic and social components (0.810) underscores the importance of economic growth for enhancing social well-being.